The Effect of Transformation and Hormones Treatments on Callogenesis and Regeneration in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

To obtain a higher percentage of callogenesis and consequently the maximum number of plantlets, one of the most important procedures for transgenic plant production. To this end, a factorial experiment using completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications was carried out to assess the effect of cultivar (Marfona and Agria), type of explants(leaf and internode), Kanamycin concentration (50 mg/l and 100 mg/l) and medium (A, B, C, D1, D2) on callogenesis. Explants were transformed with pBIN19 construct harboring nptII. Analysis of variance of callus percentage showed that D2 medium, leaf explant, Marfona cultivar with an antibiotic concentration of 50 mg/l was identified as 100%. The lowest percentage of callus formation was observed in medium C with internode explants. When zeatin was the only growth hormone regulator, a higher percentage of callogenesis was observed. Moreover, leaf explants exhibited superiority over internode and marfona cultivar over agria counterparts, respectively. Results of these experiments showed that callus tissues from internode explants responded better to shoot regeneration in comparison to leaf driven calli. In conclusion, results of this study suggest, marfona leaf explants in the pretense of zeatin can be used for callus induction.